Recombinant Human GM-CSF/CSF2 Protein (HEK293 Cells)(Active)
SKU: PKSH031982-20
Recombinant Human GM-CSF/CSF2 Protein (HEK293 Cells)(Active)
SKU # | PKSH031982 |
Expression Host | HEK293 Cells |
Description
Synonyms | CSF, CSF2, Colony-Stimulating Factor, GM-CSF, GMCSF, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor, Molgramostin, Sargramostim |
Species | Human |
Expression Host | HEK293 Cells |
Sequence | Met 1-Glu144 |
Accession | NP_000749.2 |
Calculated Molecular Weight | 14.5 kDa |
Observed Molecular Weight | 23.8 kDa |
Tag | None |
Bio-activity | Measured in a cell proliferation assay using TF-1 human erythroleukemic cells. The ED50 for this effect is typically 0.1-0.6 ng/ml. |
Properties
Purity | > 90 % as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. |
Endotoxin | < 1.0 EU per μg of the protein as determined by the LAL method. |
Storage | Generally, lyophilized proteins are stable for up to 12 months when stored at -20 to -80℃. Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 4-8℃ for 2-7 days. Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at < -20℃ for 3 months. |
Shipping | This product is provided as lyophilized powder which is shipped with ice packs. |
Formulation | Lyophilized from sterile PBS, pH 7.4. Normally 5% - 8% trehalose, mannitol and 0.01% Tween 80 are added as protectants before lyophilization. Please refer to the specific buffer information in the printed manual. |
Reconstitution | Please refer to the printed manual for detailed information. |
Background
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is one of an array of cytokines with pivotal roles in embryo implantation and subsequent development. Several cell lineages in the reproductive tract and gestational tissues synthesise GM-CSF under direction by ovarian steroid hormones and signalling agents originating in male seminal fluid and the conceptus. The pre-implantation embryo, invading placental trophoblast cells and the abundant populations of leukocytes controlling maternal immune tolerance are all subject to GM-CSF regulation. GM-CSF stimulates the differentiation of hematopoietic progenitors to monocytes and neutrophils, and reduces the risk for febrile neutropenia in cancer patients. GM-CSF also has been shown to induce the differentiation of myeloid dendritic cells (DCs) that promote the development of T-helper type 1 immune responses in cognate T cells. As a part of the immune/inflammatory cascade, GM-CSF promotes Th1 biased immune response, angiogenesis, allergic inflammation, and the development of autoimmunity, and thus worthy of consideration for therapeutic target. GM-CSF has been utilized in the clinical management of multiple disease processes. Most recently, GM-CSF has been incorporated into the treatment of malignancies as a sole therapy, as well as a vaccine adjuvant. While the benefits of GM-CSF in this arena have been promising, recent reports have suggested the potential for GM-CSF to induce immune suppression and, thus, negatively impact outcomes in the management of cancer patients.